Fig. 2: Evaluation of Imputation Quality Across Reference Panels by Minor Allele Frequency Categories in Chinese and Thai WGS Datasets.

The X-axis represents minor allele frequency (MAF) categories, while the Y-axis in the top panel displays the mean imputation R2. The middle panel shows the heterozygosity concordance rate for each sample, and the bottom panel represents the mean imputation quality score (IQS) across the MAF categories. a Analyses were based on 9,781,349 variants shared between the six reference panels and the Chinese WGS cohort (n = 1263), with variants stratified by MAF. MAF estimates were derived from this Chinese WGS cohort. b Analyses were based on 6,299,991 variants shared between the six reference panels and the Thai WGS cohort, with variants stratified by MAF. MAF estimates for the Thai cohort were derived from East Asian samples in the 1000 Genomes Project (n = 513).