Fig. 3: Age-induced changes to lymphocytes.

A UMAP plot of non-B cell lymphocyte (NBL) subcluster analysis with points colored by subcluster identity and labeled by subcluster cell type. B Dot plot of markers used to classify lymphoid subcluster cell types is shown. C Changes in the proportion of the NBL subclusters with age are shown, as determined using permutation testing. Error bars indicate the 95 percent confidence interval for the magnitude of the difference between ages as determined by bootstrapping. Dashed lines indicate absolute log₂-fold changes greater than 0.58, and false discovery rate less than 0.05. Gray points indicate no significant difference between ages. D Bar plot highlights the relative signaling for all signaling pathways identified as significantly altered in NBL cells (>20% change in strength, p-value <= 0.01) between young and old datasets. E Heatmaps show the relative contribution of each subtype to the total pathway signaling, shown for incoming (top) and outgoing (bottom) signaling in both age groups. Colors represent relative contribution for each cell type (values scaled row-wise with row max = 1). Dendrograms represent the results of hierarchical clustering of both rows and columns. F Bar plots show the top ten signaling pathways between granulosa cells and stromal fibroblasts to NBLs in young (top) and old (bottom) datasets. Pathways with significant (>20%, p-value < 0.01) changes in strength between young and old are highlighted in blue. G Bar plots indicate the total strength of TNF signaling in young and old datasets (top) and the fraction of outgoing TNF signaling from old cell types (bottom). H Bar plots show the fraction of total B cell signaling sent to each cell group type in young and old datasets (left) and sources of total signaling being received by B cells in young and old datasets (right). I Bar plot demonstrates signaling pathways from GCs to B cells altered with age. J Chord plots demonstrate ADGRE signaling from NBL subtypes to B cells (depicted by lines connecting cell types) and strength of participation (depicted through thickness of lines) in young (left) and old (right) datasets. K Chord plots demonstrate MHC-I signaling from B cells to NBL subtypes (depicted by lines connecting cell types) and strength of signaling (depicted through thickness of lines) in young (left) and old (right) datasets.