Fig. 4: Lactobacillus strain with BSH and decreased serum TBA levels was obtained.
a Manifestation of bile salt hydrolase activity (BSH) activity by lactobacilli on MRS agar medium; b Bile salt deconjugation activity of lactobacilli (n = 3 biologically independent samples; one-way ANOVA); c Serum TBA levels in the cholestasis mouse model (n = 5 biologically independent samples; one-way ANOVA); d Circular genome map of LPG-9. The complete genome is a closed circular chromosome of 1,968,772 bp (GC content 34.87%). From the innermost to outermost circles, the plot displays: a genomic scale indicating the chromosome size and gene positions; the GC skew (black curve), with positive and negative transitions marking the replication origin (oriC) and terminus (ter); the GC content (blue curve), showing fluctuations across the genome; and coding sequences (CDS) on the forward and reverse strands, colored by COG functional categories; e Schematic representation of LPG-9 treatment; f Serum TBA levels, survival rates and weight of offspring after LPG-9 treatment (n = 6 biologically independent samples; one-way ANOVA); g Western blotting of TGR5, TLR4 and NF-κB in the mice placenta; h Hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of the placenta after LPG-9 treatment, 400×. Scale bar = 50 μm; i Principal component analysis diagram of the serum bile acid; j qPCR data shows the gene expression levels of placental pro-inflammatory cytokines (n = 5–6 biologically independent samples; one-way ANOVA); k Volcano plot of serum bile acids (ICP + LPG-9 vs. ICP) (n = 4 biologically independent samples); l Stacked bar graph of serum secondary bile acids. Error bars represent standard deviation. Significance levels: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
