Fig. 1: Charged interlayer exciton structure and interaction geometry.
From: Crystal phases of charged interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures

The compound structure and the symmetry-promoted most likely pairwise interaction geometry for the unlike-charge (a) and like-charge (b) interlayer exciton (IE) complexes in a bilayer quasi-2D semiconductor of the interlayer separation d. Here, \({{\Delta }}{\rho }_{{X}^{-}}\) and \({{\Delta }}{\rho }_{{X}^{+}}\) indicate the center-of-mass-to-center-of-mass distances for the two IEs sharing the same hole or the same electron, respectively, to form the respective charged interlayer excitons (CIEs, or interlayer trions), and R shows the center-of-mass-to-center-of-mass distance for the two CIEs in the bilayer.