Fig. 5: Out-of-plane magnetization, energy, and topological charge of the system driven by current pulses with different pulse lengths.
From: Configurable pixelated skyrmions on nanoscale magnetic grids
a Time-dependent out-of-plane magnetization mz corresponding to the current-induced hopping motion of a square-shaped skyrmion in a sample with Kd/K = 0.5 for different pulse lengths τ. K and Kd stand for the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constants for the unmodified areas and defect lines, respectively. A current pulse of j = 100 MA cm−2 and \({{{{{{{\boldsymbol{p}}}}}}}}=-\hat{y}\) is applied, and then the system is relaxed until t = 1000 ps. b Time-dependent out-of-plane magnetization mz corresponding to the current-induced deformation of a square-shaped skyrmion in a sample with Kd/K = 0.2 for different τ. c Time-dependent total energy E of the system corresponding to (a). (d) Time-dependent E corresponding to (b). e Time-dependent numerical topological charge Q of the system corresponding to (a). f Time-dependent numerical Q corresponding to (b).
