Fig. 5: Micromagnetic simulations of the internal iron nanowire magnetization.

a Simulated internal iron nanowire (FeNW) magnetization component \({M}_{z}/{M}_{{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}}\) near the NWs’ free end at distance \(z-{z}_{{{{{{\rm{ts}}}}}}}^{* }\) from the free end for three different iron NW diameters (21, 31, and 42 nm) and for several external field values and directions. \({M}_{z}/{M}_{{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}}\) is averaged over the circular NW cross section area. b Vortex state in zero-field with whirling magnetic moments close to the free end of a \(d\) = 42 nm FeNW.