Fig. 9: Molecular damage patterns in hybrid networks. | Communications Physics

Fig. 9: Molecular damage patterns in hybrid networks.

From: Mechanical cooperation between time-dependent and covalent bonds in molecular damage of polymer networks

Fig. 9

a The average void length 〈Lv〉 as a function of the Weissenberg number for networks with three levels of permanent bond fractions (black, blue, and red corresponding to p = 0.42, 0.58, 0.7 respectively). b Snapshots of fracture simulations at λ = 1.55 for permanent bond fractions p = 0.42 (black), p = 0.58 (blue), and p = 0.70 (red) shown top to bottom. c The void density ρv as function of radially distance r from the crack tip, for \(\bar{W}=0.1,0.3,0.6,1.0\). The solid black lines show exponential fits of the form \({\rho }_{v} \sim \exp [-r/{L}_{c}]\) where Lc is the characteristic damage length. d The characteristic damage length Lc as a function of the Weissenberg number.

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