Fig. 4: IFNα therapy induces TLR7 expression on myeloid cells.

a, Multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of melanoma samples from a cohort of n = 5 patients who underwent IFNα therapy. The staining panel included antibodies against CD1a, CD1c, CD68, CD141 and TLR7. Representative images are shown for a patient before (top) and during IFNα therapy (bottom). The white-dotted line demarcates the border of the epidermis and the red-dotted line indicates the border of the tumor. Arrows indicate double-positive cells, which are shown magnified in numeric and color-coded insets. Magnification: ×0.65, ×4.5 and ×35 (zoom). Scale bars, 800 µm, 100 µm and 20 µm. b, Immunofluorescence staining against TLR7, XCR1 and HLA-DR in a cohort of patients with melanoma described in a. Representative images are shown. The inset magnifies an area of interest. The white-dotted line shows tumor border. Scale bars, 50 µm and 10 µm. c, Quantification of TLR7-expressing cells positive for CD1a, CD1c, CD68 and CD141 (a) or double-positive for XCR1 and HLA-DR (b) in tumor parenchyma was performed in melanoma patients as described in a (n = 5 individuals). Data are plotted as dots and lines. Dots in c represent five individuals. P values were calculated using paired, two-tailed t-tests (c).