Fig. 3: Tensile overload, fatigue, and creep crack profiles. | Communications Materials

Fig. 3: Tensile overload, fatigue, and creep crack profiles.

From: High-cycle fatigue damage accumulation in paper

Fig. 3

Scanning electron microscopy images of representative crack profiles the of notched paper specimens that failed during a tensile, b, c, and d fatigue, and e creep tests. The cracks grew completely across the specimen from the cut notch tip as indicated in the figure. Tensile overload and creep fractures are fibrous (hairy) because the interfiber bonds fail and fibers pull out. In contrast, fatigue damage causes fiber fracture and less fibrous crack profiles. The various parts of the crack path (notch, fatigue, creep, and overload) for each specimen were determined using digital image correlation and can be identified using the horizontal bar under each crack profile and the legend.

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