Table 1 Interfacial tension measured with three different techniques.

From: Ferrofluidic aqueous two-phase system with ultralow interfacial tension and micro-pattern formation

 

Sample 0

Sample 1

Sample 2

 

(μN m−1)

(μN m−1)

(μN m−1)

Puddle area method

4.0

0.2

0.1

Quasi-1D normal-field instability

1.2

0.7

0.33

Quasi-2D normal-field instability

0.9 ± 0.1

0.6 ± 0.1

0.45 ± 0.09