Fig. 16: Spin effect on sulfur reduction reaction.
From: Spin-modulated catalysis in sulfur cathodes for improved performance in lithium–sulfur batteries

a Spin-regulated sulfur redox pathways in LSBs: from S8 activation to Li2S formation. b Schematic comparison of (left) uncontrolled Li2S passivation, where insulating Li2S/Li2S2 precipitates form randomly and block electron pathways, and (right) spin-mediated uniform growth and redox regeneration, where controlled spin polarization promotes homogeneous deposition and facilitates reversible decomposition during cycling.