Fig. 2: Comparison of model and observed sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 2: Comparison of model and observed sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium.

From: Chemical transport models often underestimate inorganic aerosol acidity in remote regions of the atmosphere

Fig. 2: Comparison of model and observed sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium.

Box plot for the ratios between post-AeroCom-II modeled and observed sulfate (SO4), nitrate (NO3), and ammonium (NH4) for BL (boundary layer, 800-surface hPa), FT (Free Troposphere, 400–800 hPa), and UT (Upper Troposphere, 250–400 hPa) for (a) non-urban focused continental campaigns (ARCTAS-A, ARCTAS-B, DC3, INTEX-B, and SEAC4RS) and (b) oceanic focused campaigns (ATom-1 and -2) evaluated here and post-AeroCom-II CTMs (chemical transport models; GEOS-Chem v10, GEOS-Chem v12, GEOS-Chem TOMAS, GEOS-5, and AM4.1). The blue horizontal line is the median ratio of the model-to-observations ensemble, and the boxes are the 25th and 75th percentiles. For AeroCom-II model comparisons, see Supplemental Fig. 2. For data used here, see Supplementary Data 1.

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