Table 1 Spatial proxies in the CA modeling.

From: Global urban growth between 1870 and 2100 from integrated high resolution mapped data and urban dynamic modeling

Category

Data source

Source

Terrain

DEM

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission – Digital Elevation Model (DEM)71

Slope

Calculated from DEM

Land

Land cover

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Dynamics (MCD12Q2) (https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q2.006)

Protect area

The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA)72

Infrastructure

Major cities

World cities - city center73

Traffic

World roads - major road74