Fig. 2: Ecosystem trajectories under the baseline RCP8.5-no_fire scenario for the period 2000–2100.

The panels show a changes in net primary productivity (gC m⁻²) for the total plant ecosystem and by plant functional type, b net biome productivity (gC m⁻² yr⁻¹), c soil carbon stocks down to 1 m (gC m⁻²) and surface methane (gC m⁻² yr⁻¹) and nitrous oxide (gN m⁻² yr⁻¹) fluxes, d physical and hydrological responses. The panels depict (from top to bottom), the active layer depth (m), soil moisture in surface soils at 0.01–0.3 m and deeper down (0.5–1.9 m) depths (m³ m⁻³), and soil temperature (^oC) at three soil depths (0.01, 0.3 and 0.8 m), e total microbial biomass down to 0.85 m depth (units of ln gC m⁻²), and f the biomass ratio of saprotrophic fungi to heterotrophic bacteria (aerobic + facultative heterotrophs) in the top 20 cm of soil.