Fig. 6: Unveiling the relationship among structural failure (SF), functional failure (FF), topological failure (TF), and giant component (GC). | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 6: Unveiling the relationship among structural failure (SF), functional failure (FF), topological failure (TF), and giant component (GC).

From: Modest flooding can trigger catastrophic road network collapse due to compound failure

Fig. 6

We use q = 0.8 for the illustrative purpose. We use a y = a ~ log(x) + b to fit the empirical failure data. a, b, c Relationship between SF and FF, TF, and GC. Only non-negligible flooding (i.e., SF larger than 0.5%) during the time period 6:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. is considered. (See Supplementary Note 3 and Supplementary Fig. 5 for more details.) d–f Relationship between FF and GC in different stages of Hurricane Harvey.

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