Fig. 4: Variability in the solar and wind traces across the best and worst performing locations amongst the selected REZs in each State.

Each set representing the State of a New South Wales, b Victoria, c Queensland, d South Australia, e Western Australia, f Tasmania and g Northern Territory consists of four figures that show the site (from amongst the selected sites) with the highest annual capacity factor (on the left), compared to the one with the lowest annual capacity factors (on the right) is shown for solar energy (the top two figures of each set) and for wind energy (the bottom two figures of each set). Note: the statistical data shown in the figure are the minimum (min cf), maximum (max cf) and average capacity factors (Average cf) as well as the standard deviation in capacity factors (Std Dev & +/−1 Std Dev.) are provided across the months of the year at each site, the details of these metrics are provided in the SI. These locations are used as an indicative representation of the general trends in each state (similar figures for the rest of the considered locations are shown in Supplementary Figs. 6–11). Moreover, ~10% loss in output is observed across the wind profiles this is due to system losses elaborated in the “Methods” section.