Fig. 2: Contours of density, thermal expansivity, and heat capacity vs. ocean salinity and temperatures.

Shown at pressures of 1 MPa (a–c) and 10 MPa (d–f). Black dashed lines indicate the lower and upper limits on ocean salinity based on in-situ observations made by Cassini^6,42. For the ocean temperature, we assume 274 K⁴⁴.