Fig. 6: The short-term and long-term ocean warming in response to abrupt4xCO2 forcing from the vertical and zonal means perspective.
From: Satellite-observed strong subtropical ocean warming as an early signature of global warming

a Temperature anomalies in the very first 3 years of the AWI-ESM abrupt4xCO2 experiment with respect to the pre-industrial control experiment. b Temperature anomalies in the last 100 model years (2901–3000) of the AWI-ESM abrupt4xCO2 simulation with respect to the mean of the first 3 years of the same simulation. The contours illustrate the streamfunction of overturning circulation103, solid lines represent clockwise circulation, and dashed lines stand for anti-clockwise circulation. To emphasize the spatial pattern, we show the SST anomaly using the same color bar as in Fig. 1. However, the temperature anomalies are scaled to fit the color bar range.