Fig. 9: Vertical ground movement at the Serapeo in Pozzuoli since Roman times26. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 9: Vertical ground movement at the Serapeo in Pozzuoli since Roman times26.

From: Potential for rupture before eruption at Campi Flegrei caldera, Southern Italy

Fig. 9: Vertical ground movement at the Serapeo in Pozzuoli since Roman times26.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Ground movement shows a saw-tooth pattern with time (grey dashes), consistent with (b) a background rate of subsidence of c.150–200 cm per century, interrupted by (c) intervals of uplift at rates about 10 times faster. The step-like pattern of uplift illustrates how Pozzuoli has been raised in the past two millennia by more than 35 m above the level it would have had if only subsidence had occurred.

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