Fig. 3: Stalagmite δ¹⁸O, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, δ¹³C and growth rates.

a Stalagmites AC11-06 and AC11-03 spanning Sulawesi termination IIIa (S-TIIIa) and b AC09-04 and AC11-02 spanning Sulawesi termination IV (S-TIV). Geochemical data for fast-growing stalagmites (AC11-03, AC11-02) are shown in green, slow-growing stalagmites (AC11-06, AC09-04) are shown in blue. Stalagmite δ¹⁸O has been corrected for the effect of ice volume⁴⁵ and stalagmite δ¹³C has been corrected for the effect of atmospheric CO₂⁵³; the uncorrected records are shown in grey (see Supplementary Methods for details of these corrections). Sulawesi glacial terminations (determined by prominent shifts in Sulawesi stalagmite δ¹⁸O, Supplementary Methods) are indicated by blue bars. Colour-coded circles at the top of each panel show U-Th dates and their uncertainties (2σ). The y axes for geochemical profiles are inverted to show wetter conditions upward.