Fig. 6: A robust warming trend is observed in the Arctic but no consistent trend is found in the magnitude of Northern Europe cold extremes.
From: No detectable trend in mid-latitude cold extremes during the recent period of Arctic amplification
Frequency of Northern Europe (NEUR; see Fig. 1) DJF 5% coldest events for (a) 1960–2023, (b) 1990–2023, and (c) 2000–2023, demarked with colored bars to represent each decade, and showing the linear trend line. The slope of the trend line is indicated in each panel (events/decade). The temperature for each cold NEUR event (colored dots) is shown in (d, e, and f) for the same time periods as in (a, b, and c). Corresponding Arctic temperatures are shown with black dots. The trend lines indicate tendency in temperature over the ordered events, and the slope of the trend is indicated in each panel (°C per 30 events). Trend lines are shown solid if the trend is significant at the 0.05 level, dashed otherwise.
