Table 3 Significant correlations between AMR gene richness and biological and chemical characteristics of the soil.
From: Antibiotic resistance patterns in soils across the Scottish landscape
Antibiotic Class | Bacteria (16S rRNA) | pH and nutrients | Metals | PAH | PCB | Mobile genetic elements |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aminoglycoside | Abundance (0.23) | Int (0.39), Tn (0.53) | ||||
Beta-lactam | Abundance (0.31) Richness (0.21) | pH (0.21) LOI (−0.25) C (−0.23) | Mn (0.22) | 2,2′,3,4,4′,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.20) 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.20) 2,2′,3,4,4′,5,5′-heptachlorobiphenyl (−0.20) | Int (0.37), Tn (0.49) | |
FCA | Abundance (0.24) | |||||
MLSB | Int (0.37), Tn (0.46) | |||||
Multidrug | Abundance (0.23) | LOI (−0.21) C (−0.20) | Int (0.43), Tn (0.43) | |||
Sulfonamide | Abundance (0.22) Richness (0.20) | pH (0.19) LOI (−0.21) C (−0.21) N (−0.19) | Mn (0.20) | 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.20) | Int (0.42), Tn (0.39) | |
Tetracycline | Abundance (0.27) | LOI (−0.23) C (−0.24) | Ba (0.19) | Chrysene (−0.19) | 2,2′,4,5,5′-pentachlorobiphenyl (−0.26) 2,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (−0.25) 2,2′,3,4,4′,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.28) 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.29) 2,2′,3,4,4′,5,5′-heptachlorobiphenyl (−0.26) | Int (0.34), Tn (0.46) |
Vancomycin | LOI (−0.23) C (−0.24) | Ba (0.22) Al (0.19) | 2,2′,4,5,5′-pentachlorobiphenyl (−0.25) 2,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (−0.23) 2,2′,3,4,4′,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.28) 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (−0.29) 2,2′,3,4,4′,5,5′-heptachlorobiphenyl (−0.23) | Int (0.41), Tn (0.43) | ||
Other | Int (0.31), Tn (0.36) | |||||
Mobile genetic elements | ||||||
Integrons | NA | |||||
Transposons | Abundance (0.22) | NA | ||||
