Fig. 4: The impact of climate change on African caloric production.

a Caloric yield in 2010; (b) caloric yield variation by 2040, RCP6.0 compared to 2010; (c) country-average variation of caloric yield in 2040, RCP6.0, plotted against the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the population in 201939 (refer to Supplementary Table 1 for the complete country name associated to each code). The size of the bubble is proportional to the additional m3 of blue WF caused by the expansion of irrigation; the color indicates the region.