Fig. 1: The flowchart of the proposed multi-task and multi-station PLAN for earthquake monitoring.

The input data for the model comprise seismic waveforms recorded by multiple stations and the locations of these stations. PLAN consists of four sub-modules: waveform feature extraction encoder and decoder, an earthquake location module, a multi-station association module and a physics-informed multi-station phase-picking module. All of these sub-modules are optimized simultaneously and constrained by each other during training to improve performance in earthquake detection, association, and location.