Fig. 1: Geographical setting and water resources.
From: A millennium-long perspective on recent groundwater changes in the Iberian Peninsula
a Distribution of groundwater response times (GRT; years) in the Mediterranean region (see legend for colours). The map is adapted from Cuthbert et al.28 and can be accessed online for free at https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Global_water_table_ratio_and_groundwater_response_time_raster_data/7393304). Black dots on the map denote the primary cities in Spain, as featured in the downloaded map from the reference website, without any reference with the study sites; b Mean annual precipitation (1981–2010) across Spain (taken from Nafría García et al.36; available at http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos). The small black square indicates the Fuente de Piedra lagoon used for direct model validation; c Mean annual precipitation (1981–2010) pattern on the recharge area of the Castile and León region. The red dots indicate the locations of the Medina del Campo piezometer and the two sites used for indirect model validation (Valladolid, Lominchar); d The hydrological water balance for the Castile and León region, averaged for the period 1981–2010, calculated using precipitation data from GPCC-Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/gpcc-global-precipitation-climatology-centre) and temperature data from the Climate Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia (https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.04). The plot was generated using WebWIMP 1.01, an updated version of the WebWIMP programme, as implemented at the University of Delaware (USA) in 2003 (http://cyclops.deos.udel.edu/wimp/public_html/index.html).
