Fig. 2: The statistical summary of the contributions of chemical species to ultrafine secondary marine aerosol (SMA) growth events.

a Distribution of relative mass contribution to Aitken mode resolved by the pToF mode of HR-ToF-AMS. The vertical lines represent median, the boxes represent 25th and 75th quantile, and the whiskers represent 1.5 inter-quarter ranges; b the distribution of hygroscopicity parameter of the condensable gas (κchange) derived by HTDMA, the grey bars represent the number of events of each κchange bins and the curves represent probability density functions; c the relationship between κchange and the contribution of sulphuric acid and organic vapour under different NH4+ and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) scenarios based on volume-mixing rule(See Methods), the colours represent calculated κchange, the size of markers represent the number of observations with specific κchange bins.