Fig. 2: Modeling results of the Langtang avalanche and the generated air blast.

a Final deposit distribution of the avalanche core, matching the observations (red lines). b Maximum velocity of the avalanche core. c Maximum mean pressure of the air blast. d and e Powder pressure profile at the Langtang village (point A in c) and the forest at the mountain toe (point B in c). The satellite image arises from Planet (Images ©2021 Planet Labs PBC).