Fig. 2: Transport of clay.

a Homogeneously mixed primary particles of clay (a-1) are washed out from the active bed into the water column (a-2). The image is slightly adjusted to remove reflections. b Saltating behaviour of an individual floc (b-1–4), which is almost re-entrained into the water column (b-5), but ultimately becomes trapped in the leeside of the dune (b-6). Images taken with a mobile phone with a frame rate of 30 fps. Flocs can easily be detected by their white colour compared to the brown sand. Flow direction from right to left.