Fig. 4: Changes in the SM effects on the mean and variability of NEP and P-E between the historical and future periods. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 4: Changes in the SM effects on the mean and variability of NEP and P-E between the historical and future periods.

From: Soil moisture-atmosphere interactions drive terrestrial carbon-water trade-offs

Fig. 4

a–f Multi-model mean SM effects on NEP and P-E, which are calculated as the differences in NEP and P-E between the coupled simulations (Hist&SSP) and LFMIP experiments (pdLC), during the historical (1980–2009) and future (2070-2099, SSP5-8.5) periods based on the ESMs. g–l The same as (a–f), but for the SM effects on the inter-annual variability (IAV) of NEP and P-E, which are calculated as the differences in the standard deviation of detrended NEP and P-E between Hist&SSP and pdLC.

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