Fig. 8: Nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE) and water use efficiency (WUEu) at three different yield levels in China during the baseline period of 1961–2020.

a–c Show the absolute values of NAE for the HYP High-yield practice, HEP High-efficiency practice, FP Farmer practice, yield levels; d–f present the absolute values of WUEu for the same three yield levels.