Fig. 4: Comparison of global trends of δ13C during the Permo–Carboniferous.
From: Carbon isotope perturbations are not primarily driven by volcanism during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age
a Huainan section in North China Craton in this study; b Orogrande Basin32; c, d Naqing section in South China31; e Naqing section in South China55; f SW Japan33; g SW Kansas44. The gray bands indicate negative carbon isotope excursions; Locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) trendlines in (a–g) using Acycle software65 (0.1 smoothing, solid lines) with 1σ bootstrapped errors (dashed lines).
