Fig. 6: Comparison of geochemical records from the studied section with global climatic and volcanic proxies across the Permo–Carboniferous transition.
From: Carbon isotope perturbations are not primarily driven by volcanism during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age

a–d δ13Corg, δ13Cn-alkane, Hg, Hg/TS, and Hg-TS residuals records in this study. e Atmospheric partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) from ref. 37. f Sequential variation of conodont oxygen isotope (δ18O) from the Naqing Section of South China38. g Sea level change from ref. 36. h Timing of volcanic activity66,67,68,69,70,71,72. i Spatial and temporal distribution of the main record of the late Paleozoic deglaciation for Paran´a Basin, Southern Africa, India, SE Asia, Eastern Africa, and Western Australia19,39.