Fig. 3: Thermodynamic analysis of chemical affinities across the thermal gradient. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 3: Thermodynamic analysis of chemical affinities across the thermal gradient.

From: Energetic convergence drives metabolic adaptation in lirima chilean high-altitude hydrothermal system

Fig. 3

a Temperature dependence of chemical affinities for individual methanogenic (R1, R2, R3) and sulfur-reducing (R4, R7, R8) reactions, showing Energetic Convergence Nodes (ECN) at specific temperatures (vertical lines). Solid and dashed lines represent simulations without and with dissolved gases, respectively. b, c pH dependence of coupled carbon-sulfur reaction (R10: CH4 + SO42− → CO2 + H2S + 2H2O) showing two distinct equilibrium regimes: circumneutral pH without dissolved gases (b) and alkaline pH with dissolved gases (c). All trends were fitted using cubic functions and Kendall correlated (p ≤ 0.05).

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