Fig. 3: Characteristics, occurrence probability, and spatial distribution of atmosphere-lake coupled heatwaves (CHWs).
From: Lakes are experiencing more severe heatwaves than the atmosphere
a The metrics of CHWs (CL for lake surface water and CA for the atmosphere) are compared with those of independent heatwave events (DL and DA, the error bars represent the standard deviation). b Trend in the CHW occurrence probability; c represents the annual frequency of CHWs, and (b) and (a) are the frequencies of AHWs and LHWs, respectively. The joint probability (c) is calculated as c/(a + b), with the vertical axis showing the probability (ranging from 0 to 1). c Annual spatial distribution of CHWs across the study lakes and their continental breakdown. Continental abbreviations follow those used in Fig. 1.
