Fig. 4: Seasonal heterogeneity analysis of temperature impacts on water quality at 15-day scales.

a Estimates of impacts by the temperature linear term and b quadratic term when dividing the data by season. The point estimates show the average effects of temperature under different groups, and the error bars represent the 90% confidence interval of the effect. The effects were estimated based on Eq. (1). The estimates reflect how water quality in each season responds to temperature according to the seasonal classification.