Fig. 4: GHG emission amount of staple grain crops versus potato cultivation.

The GHG emission amount per hectare of maize (m), rice (r), wheat (w), and switching maize to potato (m–p), switching rice to potato (r–p), and switching wheat to potato (w–p) under potential (PY) (a–f) and rainfed (RY) (g–l) conditions. GHG emissions include the indirect CO2 emissions from the production and transportation of agricultural inputs, farming operations and harvest, and the direct seasonal CH4 and N2O emissions from crop planting. The abbreviations corresponding to the provinces can be found in the supplementary Fig. S6. The legend in each map is consistent with (a).