Fig. 2: Interrelationship between NDVI and TWS across three distinct stages.
From: Ecological restoration reverses terrestrial water storage losses in the Mu Us Sandyland in China

a Correlation coefficients between NDVI and TWS at different stages. b, c Partial correlation coefficients between NDVI and TWS when controlling for P or T, respectively. d–l NDVI anomalies under different hydrothermal conditions. The second to fourth rows correspond to Stage 1 (1987–1998), Stage 2 (2003–2010), and Stage 3 (2011–2020), respectively.