Table 1 Ambitions and Positions of Environmental Actors.

From: The climate regime after Paris: an opportunity for regional leadership beyond the State?

External “face”

Internal “face”

Low internal environmental ambitions

High internal environmental ambitions

Low external environmental ambitions

(a) Laggard

(b) Pioneer

High external environmental ambitions

(c) Symbolic leader

(d) Pusher

  1. Source: Lieferink and Wurzel, 20173.