Fig. 4: Impact type and magnitude of wind energy devices for each pressure over each ecosystem element based on information extracted from the systematic literature review. | npj Ocean Sustainability

Fig. 4: Impact type and magnitude of wind energy devices for each pressure over each ecosystem element based on information extracted from the systematic literature review.

From: Reviewing the ecological impacts of offshore wind farms

Fig. 4: Impact type and magnitude of wind energy devices for each pressure over each ecosystem element based on information extracted from the systematic literature review.

The intersection between a pressure type (rows) and an ecosystem element (column) shows the relative frequencies of each impact type (red), and magnitude (green). ESFP ecosystem structure, function, and processes, Neg negative, Pos positive, PN positive and negative, NS not significant, NK unknown, H high, M medium, L low, N negligible.

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