Fig. 2: Impact and recovery.
From: Volcanic ash deposition as a selection mechanism towards woodiness
a Flowering Single Island Endemic shrub Echium brevirame at a site with 30 cm fresh ash layer, 4 months after the end of the eruptions. b Resprouting canopy branches of Pinus canariensis that were exposed to toxic sulphur gases during the eruptions, sticking out of metres-deep ash deposits. (Fotos by C. Beierkuhnlein).
