Table 4 Summary of intervention activities by population engaged (N = 120)a

From: Systematic re-review of WASH trials to assess women’s engagement in intervention delivery and research activities

 

Targeted women

Targeted men

Targeted women and men

Targeted children

Targeted other specified individualsb

Targeted unspecified individuals

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

All water-related activities

46

38.3

0

0.0

1

0.8

4

3.3

15

12.5

76

63.3

Boiling

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

1

0.8

Filtering

2

1.7

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

1

0.8

18

15.0

Chlorination

7

5.8

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

5

4.2

18

15.0

Other chemical treatment

2

1.7

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

1.7

Solar water disinfection (SODIS)

9

7.5

0

0.0

0

0.0

1

0.8

1

0.8

1

0.8

Flocculation alone

2

1.7

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

Other water safety (for example, safe water storage)

3

2.5

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

4

3.3

14

11.7

Water treatment— improved water source (piped water, standpipe or borehole)

2

1.7

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

4

3.3

Water-related health education

19

15.8

0

0.0

1

0.8

3

2.5

4

3.3

18

15.0

All sanitation-related activities

15

12.5

0

0.0

1

0.8

4

3.3

5

4.2

33

27.5

Sanitation construction and improvements (without marketing and campaign)

2

1.7

0

0.0

0

0.0

1

0.8

1

0.8

8

6.7

Community-led total sanitation (CLTS)

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

4

3.3

Sanitation marketing

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

1.7

Child faeces disposal

3

2.5

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

1

0.8

3

2.5

Toilet facility cleaning

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

Sanitation—total sanitation campaign

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

5

4.2

Sanitation-related health education

10

8.3

0

0.0

1

0.8

3

2.5

3

2.5

11

9.2

All hygiene-related activities

35

29.2

1

0.8

1

0.8

31

25.8

28

23.3

53

44.2

Hygiene—receiving supplies, handwashing facilities or stations (for example, tippy taps)

3

2.5

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

1.7

2

1.7

7

5.8

Tippy tap construction

1

0.8

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.0

Handwashing

5

4.2

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

1.7

7

5.8

13

10.8

Child handwashing

2

1.7

0

0.0

0

0.0

10

8.3

4

3.3

2

1.7

Hygiene-related health education

24

20.0

1

0.8

1

0.8

17

14.2

15

12.5

31

25.8

All health promotion

29

24.2

1

0.8

0

0.0

3

2.5

16

13.3

26

21.7

General health promotion–recipient

16

13.3

0

0.0

0

0.0

2

1.7

3

2.5

17

14.2

General health promotion–individual engaged as promoter

13

10.8

1

0.8

0

0.0

1

0.8

13

10.8

9

7.5

  1. aMany studies involved multiple interventions activities, so the total number of activities per group may be greater than the total number of studies (n = 120).
  2. bExamples of ‘other specified individuals’ include daycare administrators and staff, teachers and key informants.