Table 5 Gender responsiveness assessment of interventions in included studies by type and population engagement (N = 133)
Did not require individual-level participation | Required individual-level participation | GRAS classification among those that required individual-level participationa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender unequal | Gender unaware | |||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Interventions (133) | 13 | 9.8% | 120 | 90.2% | 44 | 36.7% | 76 | 63.3% |
Water (n = 64) | 8 | 12.5% | 56 | 87.5% | 19 | 33.9% | 37 | 66.1% |
Sanitation (n = 8) | 4 | 50.0% | 4 | 50.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 4 | 100.0% |
Hygiene (n = 46) | 0 | 0.0% | 46 | 100.0% | 17 | 37.0% | 29 | 63.0% |
Water, sanitation and hygiene (n = 4) | 0 | 0.0% | 4 | 100.0% | 3 | 75.0% | 1 | 25.0% |
Water and sanitation (n = 4) | 1 | 25.0% | 3 | 75.0% | 1 | 33.3% | 2 | 66.7% |
Water and hygiene (n = 5) | 0 | 0.0% | 5 | 100.0% | 3 | 60.0% | 2 | 40.0% |
Sanitation and hygiene (n = 2) | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 100.0% | 1 | 50.0% | 1 | 50.0% |
Type of water intervention (n = 77) | 9 | 11.7% | 68 | 88.3% | 24 | 35.3% | 44 | 64.7% |
Improved, on premise, continuous supply (n = 1) | 1 | 100.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% |
Improved, on premise, higher water quality (n = 2) | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 100.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 100.0% |
Improved, on premise (n = 9) | 6 | 66.7% | 3 | 33.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 100.0% |
Improved, not on premise (n = 8) | 2 | 25.0% | 6 | 75.0% | 2 | 38.6% | 4 | 61.4% |
Point-of-use treatment of water from unimproved water source or improved source not on premise (n = 57) | 0 | 0.0% | 57 | 100.0% | 22 | 28.9% | 35 | 46.1% |
Type of sanitation intervention (n = 18) | 5 | 27.8% | 13 | 72.2% | 4 | 30.8% | 9 | 69.2% |
Sewer connection (n = 4) | 4 | 100.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% |
Basic sanitation/improved sanitation (n = 14) | 1 | 7.1% | 13 | 92.9% | 3 | 23.1% | 10 | 76.9% |
Type of hygiene intervention (n = 57) | 0 | 0.0% | 57 | 100.0% | 23 | 40.4% | 34 | 59.6% |
Promotion of handwashing with soap provision (n = 34) | 0 | 0.0% | 34 | 100.0% | 10 | 29.4% | 24 | 70.6% |
Promotion of handwashing with no provision of soap (n = 23) | 0 | 0.0% | 23 | 100.0% | 13 | 56.5% | 10 | 43.5% |
Classification by group targeted for intervention engagement (n = 120) | ||||||||
Specific to women (n = 21) | 21 | 100.0% | 0 | 0.0% | ||||
Specific to men (n = 0) | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | ||||
Specific to children (n = 2) | 0 | 0.0% | 2 | 100.0% | ||||
Specific to other specified individuals (n = 10)b | 0 | 0.0% | 10 | 100.0% | ||||
Specific to unspecified populations (n = 39) | 0 | 0.0% | 39 | 100.0% | ||||
Multiple populations (n = 48) | 23 | 47.9% | 25 | 52.1% | ||||
