Fig. 2: Examples of protection and restoration measures to safeguard freshwater-related ecosystems.

Each row represents a group of HVFE categories. The columns of protection and restoration list a set of measures of action that could be aligned with these categories to define spatially explicit and quantified targets for NAPs, among others. The final column of key impacts is illustrative of the key services supported and expected impacts. Credit: ecosystem illustration elements, Canva.com.