Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines hold promise for creating new and improved immunizations; however, their delivery is challenging in terms of compliance, reactogenicity, cost and scalability. In response to ‘the ultimate bioengineering challenge’ competition, we propose an edible mRNA vaccine platform using lettuce chloroplasts.
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Campbell, C., Azagra, E. Edible mRNA vaccine in lettuce chloroplasts. Nat Rev Bioeng 3, 264–266 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-025-00299-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-025-00299-1
