Fig. 6: Single-cell TolC levels is not involved in cell fates.

Representative image series of ampicillin (AMP) -treated CFT073 carrying ptolC-mCherry in M9 (a) and M9+40X αMG (b). Exponentially growing cells of ptolC-mCherry were introduced into a microfluidic device and imaged on fluorescence and phase channels at 5 min intervals and exposed to ampicillin at hours 3–8. This experiment was repeated 2 times in each medium. Scale bar, 5 μm. c Comparison of pre-exposure pTolC-mCherry levels between in M9 and M9+40X αMG, and between non- survivors and survivors. Points show single-cell pTolC-mCherry levels before ampicillin treatments and red bars indicate means ± SD. P = 0.061 and P = 0.875 Mann–Whitney t-test. d Relationship between pre-exposure pTolC-mCherry levels and death rate in M9 (black circle) and in M9+40X αMG (blue circle) at single-cell level. Time traces of pTolC-mCherry during ampicillin exposure in arbitrary units for non- survivors (black) and survivors (red) in M9 (e) and in M9+40X αMG (f).