Fig. 5: Historical and projected hypoxic zone in the Gulf of America.
From: From basin to gulf: Conservation tillage improves soil health but exacerbates hypoxia

The 5-year moving average of the extent of the hypoxic zone in the GOA. Data prior to 2021 are observed values; estimates from 2021 onward are driven by climate data from GCMs. The shaded area indicates the standard deviation.