Fig. 1: Studies providing usable quantitative assessments of energy use in controlled environment agriculture (CEA).
From: The emergence of indoor agriculture as a driver of global energy demand
a Map marker size and shading density reflect the number of measured or modeled cases at each location (two sites in Antarctica are not shown). Data sources provided in the Supplementary Information. b Assignment of research domain corresponds to the disciplinary focus of the publication. Reasons for the increase in publication activity likely reflect rising concern about the costs of energy and its environmental impacts, as well as increasing focus on whether CEA can contribute to climate resilience.
