Fig. 2: Impacts of agricultural management practices in grazing systems in the short-term.
From: Agricultural practices can threaten soil resilience through changing feedback loops
a and in the long-term (b) and how multiple management tools are used to address the impacts of long-term management practices and maintain meat and/or milk yields. The actions of the farmer (i.e., leading to the management intervention, often in response to yields or profits) is shown with a dashed arrow, while the knock-on effects of these actions are arrived at by solid black arrows. The positive or negative symbols indicate the direction of the relationship between the two factors (e.g., a ‘+’ showing a positive relationship between two factors, such as fertiliser and nutrients, and a ‘-‘ indicating a negative relationship between two factors, such as soil erosion and organic matter). See supporting information for links between management activity and impacts.
