Fig. 5: Spearman correlations between provincial nutrient surpluses and their driving factors across China.

A is for nitrogen and B is for phosphorus. NNS N nutrient surplus, PNS P nutrient surplus, NNUE N nutrient utilization efficiency, PNUE P nutrient utilization efficiency, MNDDR-N/P Manure nutrient direct discharge ratio of N/P, MNRUR-N/P Manure nutrient resource utilization ratio of N/P, POP Population, GDP Gross domestic product, LI Livestock intensity.