Fig. 2: Association of initial postsurgical ctDNA status with survival.

a Kaplan–Meier curve for PFS comparing postsurgical ctDNA-positive and ctDNA-negative patients across all patients. PFS progression-free survival; log-rank P = 0.002. b RFS comparison in R0 resected patients stratified by postsurgical ctDNA status. RFS recurrence-free survival, log-rank P = 0.006. c RFS comparison in R0 resected patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, stratified by postsurgical ctDNA status. RFS recurrence-free survival, log-rank P = 0.019. d RFS comparison in R0 resected patients who underwent upfront surgery, stratified by postsurgical ctDNA status. RFS recurrence-free survival; log-rank P = 0.15.